Effective Communication Between Patients And Providers

Effective Communication between Patients and Providers The problem that will be addressed in this study is the disconnection between patients and their healthcare providers when they are seeking medical care. There seems to be a point within the interaction where communication is no longer effective between doctors and patients which then results in the patient’s mistrust. There is not enough evidence nor research to fully conclude why this may be occurring as past studies have not explored these topics. Questions like, â€Å"What did the patient or physician do during the interaction that made the communication ineffective?† need to be asked in order for care to be reflective and constantly improving. This concept needs to be approached from†¦show more content†¦Within this, engagement was found to be negatively related to communication (Jensen, King, Guntzviller LasShara, 2010). The more that a patient was arrogant, the less work the physician actually accomplished in the patients eyes as the patient saw this as them pleading their case and the physician respectively understanding how to approximately handle the situation(Jensen, King, Guntzviller LasShara, 2010). Overall researchers established that age, race, literacy and optimism have the most impact on patient satisfaction. The most critical participants were those who were white, of higher SES, well-educated and cynical; the least critical were older non-white, of lower SES, obtaining lower literacy rates and positive (Jensen, King, Guntzviller LasShara, 2010). In â€Å"Doctor-patient communicate: A review of the literature,† L. Ong, J. De Haes, A. Hoos and F. Lammes (1995) create an overall evaluation of all of the current studies that have been done within patient-provider communication. They reiterate how important communication in healthcare is and state that it is the â€Å"main ingredient† within health care. Different types of communication are addressed in patient provider interactions, these include: constructing an interactive relationship, building a treatment plan, and translating information (Ong, De Haesm Hoos Lammes, 1995). Previous studies haveShow MoreRelatedHcs 320 Health Care Communication Essays860 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Care Communication University of Phoenix Health Care Communication HCS 320 March 17, 2013 Communication is a basic, root function of living. Communication happens with words, without words, using symbols, gestures, sounds, and drawings. Sometimes getting the idea across to the receiver of the communication is a difficult task when there are communication barriers such as different languages, cognitive ability, and disability. Communication is an essential tool that needs constantRead MoreEssay about Health Care Communication1509 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal and Professional Health Care Communication HCS/350 June 27, 2011 Personal and Professional Health Care Communication   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Health communication refers to health-related transactions between individuals who are attempting to maintain health and avoid illness (Northouse amp; Northouse, 1998, p. 20). The effectiveness and therapeutic nature of communication between individuals in any health care relationship has a strong influence on the success of interpersonal relationshipsRead MoreThe Importance Of Effective Interpersonal Communication Skills1264 Words   |  6 PagesInterpersonal communication is a fundamental skill that nurses use every day to interact and communicate. These skills include clinical empathy towards patients, diverse cultural understanding, non-verbal communication and skills used to communicate with deaf patients. This paper will discuss why it is important for nurses to use effective interpersonal communication skills and tips to overcome elderspeak to help minimize patient complains within the healthcare practice. To create a healthy nurseRead MoreHealth Literacy And Effective Communication1229 Words   |  5 Pagesliteracy has been considered as negative factor that impacting on the delivery of effective care and health professionals’ performances on medical treatment. With integrated health literacy program, culturally competent and appropriate communication at individual, systemic and organisational level would enhance health outcomes for consumer’s welfare. Most importantly, improved health literacy and effective communication skills would plays an important part for delivery on good quality with equal opportunityRead MoreThe Perception Of Quality And The Reimbursement Of Services1746 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant as the care provided. This paper will establish the connection between the perception of quality and the reimbursement of services. Next, the impact of intradepartmental communication on patient care will be examined. Finally, this paper will attempt to demonstra te that the lessons from successful interim communications between departments can translate into an improved perception of quality during patient encounters. Patients’ perception of quality and the impact on reimbursements CMS is oneRead MoreAppraisal Of Health Care Delivery System1478 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunities for patients and providers to promote health and decrease expenditures. The Service, Outcomes and Resource Stewardship Model is one tool that allows individual organizations to objectively evaluate service and implement changes to improve patient and professional satisfaction while improving quality and resource stewardship. With increased knowledge, a Doctor of Nurse Practitioner (DNP) will be able to use adaptive leadership skills to improve communication between health care providers, patientsRead MoreThe importance of Effective Communication in Health-Care1684 Words   |  7 Pageseducation, interpreting is one of the approaches commonly used to help bridge the language gap for patients and practitioners. Interpreters are bilingual individuals that provide simultaneous interpretation between patients and medical care providers who do not share a common language (Finke, Light, K itko, 2008). This finding suggests that a good relationship is essential for high-quality patient care. (Finke et al., 2008) use qualitative evidence from interviews with medical interpreters, andRead MoreSbar1668 Words   |  7 Pagesnonverbal communications are essential components of nursing care. It is critical for patient care providers to ensure an accurate portrayal of the patient. The situation background assessment recommendation (SBAR) protocol is a technique that provides a structure for communication between patient care providers. SBAR was a tool designed to promote efficient care that ensures patient safety. SBAR: Improving Communication Between Healthcare Providers Missed or ineffective communication can haveRead MoreBenefits Of Prescription Medication For Healthcare Providers890 Words   |  4 Pageshealthcare providers will not â€Å"mention† or tell their patients. She stated that,† providers should never tell their patients that the pharmacy will have that medication in stock, or â€Å"this† medication will not cost anything when you get there, your insurance company will cover all costs. Also, most providers are not aware of other medications (polypharmacy) that the patient is taking and the possible interactions involved and tell the patient that it’s â€Å"okay† to take a medication when the provider has notRead MoreHcs/320 Communication Opinion Paper738 Words   |  3 PagesCommunication Opinion Paper The ability to communicate effectively is essential to any instructor. Communication skills must be developed, they do not occur automatically. This stems from experience. Any instructor or healthcare provider must understand the process that is involved in communication and become aware of common barriers to effective communication. ( Effective-Communication, 2010). The basic elements of communication take place when one person transmits ideas or feelings to another

An Analysis Of Howard Nemerov s The Vacuum - 892 Words

A Husbands Loss ‘The Vacuum’ is a poem that was written by Howard Nemerov. The poem uses the theme of symbolism to convey the relationship between a vacuum cleaner and a widower. The poem can be seen as a symbolic description of the experience he is going through after the demise of his beloved wife. The sentence structure and the type of figurative language requires one to evaluate and analyze the poem effectively to understand the meaning. The line in the poem â€Å"The vacuum cleaner sulks in the corner closet, its bag limp as a stopped lung† (Mays 580) is indicative of the symbolism that his wife was the housekeeper and when her lungs stopped, the vacuum cleaner also stopped, because she was the one that used the vacuum. Nemrov’s poetry shows a consistent emphasis on thought and his poems relate a broad spectrum of emotions and a variety of concerns (Web 1). In ‘The Vacuum’, Howard brings out the emotions of an elderly man after he lost his wife, which ushered him in a life of loneliness and sorrow. The writer used the ‘Vacuum’ pun to distinguish between the obvious homemaking profession of his wife and despair of the obvious grieving by her husband. Nemerov did not use the vacuum cleaner symbol as a primary personification since it could have limited the manner in which he outlined the emotions of the gentleman in the poem. However, the use of the vacuum symbolism was perfect in an elucidating emptiness that was caused by the death of the wife. The author uses the vacuum

Canad Multicultural, Free And Harmony - 1537 Words

Social Studies Essay Canada is truly the most marvelous country in the world. Canada has a total area of 9,976,140 km, making us the second largest country in the world. We are bordered by three oceans, the Arctic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean therefore granting us the longest coastline on earth. Canada is becoming more and more populated as the years go by, as we currently have over 35 million people calling Canada their home. Canada is made up of ten provinces along the border of the United States of America and three territories further north. Canada has wonderful freedom thanks to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and our strong bicameral system. Canada is an amazing country and has many positive things to†¦show more content†¦Naturally, as human beings we have some racism and discrimination built into us. There have been numerous problems concerning discrimination in the past. A few Canadians blame immigrants for taking â€Å"their† jobs, therefore putting them out of work. One big issue dealing with racism in Canada would be the whole affair concerning the town of Africville in Halifax, Nova Scotia from 1896-1907. This was around the time when the Canadian West was being settled. This was a huge case of segregation between the black people from Africa and the white people from Canada originally. During this time, the current Canadians in Halifax decided that they would send all the new black immigrants to a small piece of land near a garbage dump. This land was not considered desirable to the Canadians so they gave it to the black immigrants and called the little settlement Africville. These black immigrants were treated awful. They were given poor living conditions along with no running water. I cannot imagine how horrible it would feel to be secluded and disrespected in that way. Finally 50 years after this terrible act of racism, the city of Halifax apologized for the horrible act that they had done. This apology was overdue but an apology of any sort is better than none. Another big case of discrimination is the Indian Act of 1867. This act forced people to give-up their traditional ways of life and to assimilate Aboriginal peoples so they would adopt the European

Cuba Is A Unique Nation In Which It’S Culture Has Been

Cuba is a unique nation in which it’s culture has been defined as a result of incorporating different customs from various nations over time. Beginning in the 1500s, the Spanish would be the first migrants to inhabit the island. Not only did the Spanish bring their customs along with them, but fifteen years after their arrival they also brought African slaves onto the island. Even through the hardships of slavery and oppression, the African’s maintained practices and preserved aspects of their culture that were eventually incorporated into Cuban culture as a whole. The young nation also saw various nations and ethnicities, such as Haitians and Americans as time progressed. Like their migrant predecessors, these individuals would also†¦show more content†¦With the remainder of Indians that were still alive in hiding or under Spanish rule as slaves, the Spaniards were able to freely impose their culture, eradicating that of the Indians. After the Indian slave population diminished, the Spanish brought in African slaves to fill the gaps in the work force. However, like their oppressed predecessors, the slaves eventually rebelled too. With slavery falling out of fashion across the globe in the late 1800s, Carlos Cespedes, a sugar planter in Cuba followed suit and freed his slaves in 1868 to help start and fight in a rebellion against the Spanish crown (Class Notes, 2/21/17). The interesting concept explored in this rebellion concerns the notion of African slaves and local Cuban’s working together. Two parties with different ethnic backgrounds came together to fight the dictatorial rulers of the country. Through this union and expression of transculturation as both backgrounds believed in the ideology of equal rights, the conflict eventually grew in size and became known as the Ten Year’s War. Although the Spanish regained control after the war’s end, it signalled a shift in ideology on the island away from the Spanish crown, and eventually lead to the abolition of slavery and ultimately independence from Spain. Ethnic Conflict and Tension The early Christian Church in Spanish controlled Cuba was one of the first groups to call for the abolition of slavery; however, they approached the concept prior to Cespedes and from aShow MoreRelatedThe s Concept Of Cuban Nationalism Essay2021 Words   |  9 Pagesspent in exile. Josà © Martà ­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s vision for an independent Cuba united Latin Americans all over the world and incited a revolution that would define a new future Cuban National Identity for better or for worse. Josà © Martà ­ spent the majority of his life in exile, so much so that he no longer considered himself a son of Cuba, but rather of America a country he had grown to admire, and also grown to resent while he lived there. Because of his unique experience being a Cuban exile living in America Martà ­Read MoreAmerica Is A Nation That Created By Settlers And Immigrants948 Words   |  4 Pagesnumerous reasons. America is a nation that was created by settlers and immigrants; it boasts an inherently diverse assemblage of citizens, unlike many other countries in the world. It’s a country that was built by people with a distinct set of values that honor an individual’s â€Å"God-given† rights; a set of values that further shaped how the world came to understand and view humanity. Admittedly, what I’ve come to learn about America feels fairly distant, as America has grown and changed throughoutRead MoreIs The Public Bad Side Of Haiti?1602 Words   |  7 PagesHaiti? We cannot deny that those aspects of Haiti aren’t true but we can open our minds and go deeper to see Haiti for what it really is, for it’s history, it’s people, it’s culture, it’s landmarks and many more (1). Our warm culture, our contagious smile, our country s natural beauty, and our resilience are what set us apart from the rest. After Cuba Hispaniola is the second-largest island in the Caribbean, with an area of 76,192 square kilometers; the Dominican Republic ruling 48,440 squareRead MoreNative Immigrants And The City Of Miami1056 Words   |  5 Pagesthroughout the United States. Mostly because the emergence of the language is fairly new compared to all other dialects. Many of the immigrant’s that established their lives in the City of Miami began making their way from Cuba in the late 50s and ever since then, the city’s population has been drastically growing. Fast-forward about five decades later and the second and third generations of those same immigrants developed what is now known as a â€Å"Miami dialect†. Although Miami English is unstudied when comparedRead MoreThe Historical Background Of U. S. Foreign Policy1007 Words   |  5 PagesRecent course books stress the part of sexual orientation, race, and culture on history to a far more prominent degree than course books composed fifty years prior. However recent course material has kept on offering the same focal account about Americas past: the development of the national government. One of the real ways that course materials accentuate the significance of the national government is by examining presidential administrations at overwhelming length. Presidents are, obviouslyRead MoreComparing Cuban and Sierra Leone Youth2294 Words   |  10 Pagesof the Earth’s population would like to have cultural traits that maintain their unique identity in a peaceful state of co-existence. Assimilation requires an understanding of cultural differences in order to bridge them. If assimilation begins with the newest generation, one must understand any difficulties that lie in differentiating the youth of that generation. In assessing the Cuban and Sierra Leone cultures, perhaps assimilation in some areas are needed. Although Cuban and Sierra LeoneRead More CUBA: The Great Journey in Economic Develop ment on the United State’s Doorstep5530 Words   |  23 PagesCUBA: The Great Journey in Economic Development on the United State’s Doorstep Introduction A discussion of Cuba and the occurrences within the country over the last century is often surrounded by probing analysis as to the extent to which the Revolution of 1959 actually served as a change from past regimes. It is ignorant to evaluate the revolution in a vacuum, because past events that created the climate where such a change could take place. Yet it is also immature to stateRead More Immigrants and The American Dream Essay2131 Words   |  9 Pagesor connections. Even though the American economy is in recession and the achieving of the American Dream is harder, many immigrants still achieve religious, political, financial, and sports dreams here in the U.S. Throughout the history of this nation there are thousands of upon thousands of immigrants coming to this country and achieving the American dream. The Irish immigrated to the United States in 1840 – 1850s in big numbers driven by hunger and by the oppression of the British. Many of themRead MoreAlternative Sources Of Alternative Energy3097 Words   |  13 Pagessame way, the pollutants given off by using these energy materials are believed to be the leading cause of global warming; which has become more accepted both socially and scientifically in the last decade. This is an ever growing global economic issue. As fossil fuel reserves dwindle, and the looming threat of global warming increases, alternative energy sources like that which comes from the sun, from climate-based sources, and from nuclear power will pave the way for a cleaner, more efficient,Read MoreAnalysis of Masters of War, by Bob Dylan Essay2163 Words   |  9 Pagesthat was happening during the early 1960 ’s. The song is protesting on the American government having its citizens live in fear of a constant attack and hiding behind their shroud, unaffected by anything that would happen to the people. It shook the nation with its fierce and angry tone against the â€Å"military industrial complex.† Dylan’s lyrics stated that it was not contained by declaring a pointless war and not taking responsibility for the problems it was causing. â€Å"Masters of War† is a powerful song

Thinking About Diversity Free Essays

The dimensions of cultural diversity are categorized as primary dimensions and secondary dimensions. Primary dimensions are generally considered fixed and involuntary. Age, gender, race, and ethnic heritage would be examples of primary dimensions. We will write a custom essay sample on Thinking About Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now People do not have a choice of when they are born and thus their age. Gender, race, and ethnic heritage are also not open to choice. Mental and physical abilities are also usually defined as primary dimensions of diversity. Specific biological functions of the brain can be considered primary dimensions of diversity, but knowledge and education can improve mental ability. It is also possible to improve physical ability to a certain extent by incorporating healthy diet and physical conditioning into one’s lifestyle. Physical ability is listed as a primary dimension of cultural diversity because height, bone structure, and other physical attributes are genetic and not open to choice. Sexual orientation is also a primary dimension of diversity. Secondary dimensions of diversity include attributes that are considered less central to social identity. These dimensions can change based on life experiences. They include where one lives and works, socioeconomic status, education, and religion. Ethnic, Cultural, or Other Groups I Identify With I am a Black female who identifies with the Black community as well as other ethnic groups. I was born and raised in a large metropolitan city. I am a product of my big city upbringing. I believe that being raised in a large city has equipped me to be comfortable in many settings and with people from any group or cultural background. The Black culture and history is very important to my lifestyle. I work with young men and women in the Black community to advise them on career paths and encourage them to make positive life choices. As a woman, I am very concerned with many of the issues that are affecting women. The rise in teen pregnancy is one issue that I address with young women I encounter. Violence against women is also a problem that is prevalent in society. Women continue to be subordinated and discriminated against, and the struggle to change the situation is one of my top priorities. My social circle is made up of professionals who enjoy cultural pursuits such as plays, music, concerts, and charitable activities. Diversity and Inclusion Diversity refers to any mixture of items characterized by differences and similarities, (Harvey Allard, 2009, p. 11). This definition refers not just to people but also to the differences and similarities of functions or conditions along a given dimension. In identifying diversity in an organization, it is also important to identify the similarities within a group. When management accesses a group of ethnically diverse individuals, if they focus on the similarities am ong them, it will be easier to build common ground and mutual respect. Inclusion is a technique that organizations can use to optimize the benefits of a culturally diverse workplace. Rather than just focusing on cultural diversity as a quota to fill, organizations can use the cultural, ethnic, and experiential differences of employees to add creativity, new ideas, and new strategies. When every individual thinks that he or she is operating in a safe environment, they can be comfortable sharing innovative ideas that may not follow the traditional concepts of the organization. Importance of Workplace Diversity Training Effective workplace diversity training can benefit an organization in many ways. Increased productivity can result when employees appreciate and learn from the cultural or ethnic differences of their fellow employees. Workplace diversity training will increase the emotional intelligence of individuals which will increase their tolerance of differences. Emotional intelligence is awareness of self, managing self, self motivation, awareness of the emotions in others, and managing interpersonal relationships, (Harvey Allard, 2009). Emotional intelligence and emotional maturity can allow individuals to be open to the possibility of considering differing opinions and strategies. More openness among team members within an organization will increase creativity, cooperation, and collaboration. When cultural and ethnic diversity are successfully managed within an organization, minority employees will feel acceptance and comfort which will encourage them to express innovative ideas without fear of repression or ridicule. The majority employees will be given the opportunity to expand their acceptance and knowledge of different values, beliefs, and opinions. Workplace Culture and Inclusion I have had the opportunity to work in large and small organizations. During high school, I worked in a large department store. There were many races, ethnic groups and ages. The age groups in the workplace were in three categories. There were older workers who had worked in the store for many years and had made it a career. These employees spent most of their free time socializing with each other, such as breaks and lunches. They were generally very friendly and helpful to new employees. The second category was made up of managers ranging in age from about 25 to 40. Most of the managers were college educated and were hired specifically as managers. There were also managers who had started at an entry-level position and worked their way up to management. The third category, which I belonged to, was made up of young high school and college students. This category generally socialized with each other. I do not recall any negative interactions based on race, culture, sexual orientation, or ethnic heritage. Throughout my career I have worked with a variety of ethnic groups, races and ages in a variety of corporate settings. I have always been fortunate to work in very inclusive organizational settings. I have not worked in an organization that discriminated against employees based on their diverse ethnic or cultural backgrounds. How to cite Thinking About Diversity, Essay examples

Managing Effective Workplace Relationships

Question: Discuss about theManaging Effective Workplace Relationships. Answer: Introduction The growth of any company heavily depends on how it is organized and the general running of its affairs. At the top of each company is the management. It is responsible for coming up with policies and regulations that govern a company. In relation to that, this report will be looking at how managers effectively manage workplace relationships; including employer-employee relationships. The focus of the paper will be to explain how Woolworths Ltd and Wesfarmers Ltd, two leading Australian retail companies, have used effective management of workplace relation to better their performance. The paper will look at manger responsibilities, employee responsibilities, management-employee relationships, and leadership. General Analysis Managers uses a variety of tactics ensure high performance among employees. These tactics include regular meetings with employees air out concerns, performance appraisals, ensures that employees know and understand what their job. Good managers will employ strategies like using an effective performance management process to create sustainable growth. This process helps to develop transparent reward systems, articulate shared goals and objectives, define expectations of individuals, departments, and the organization. Empowerment and authority is also used by managers to encourage employees to perform better. For instance, managers who decentralize decision-making give the employees an opportunity to have a voice in an organization and thereby increasing performance. It is also good to implement a customer-centric through their brand and how they relate with people. Furthermore, the most appropriate thing to be done at workplace is ensuring that there is continuous flow of information so as to ensure that every detail is effectively dealt with. Such a system will ensure that good relationships are created. It is also worth noting that managers who invest in their employees through training stand a chance to reap good fruits. Training helps in equipping employees with new skills and also horning those that they might have acquired. Studies on successful managers indicate that one needs skills like patient, commitment, tolerance, and the ability to communicate effectively with his employees. Sociable managers tend to be received warmly by their employees because they are seen as understanding. It is also important for a manager to be goal orient and ensure that his interests are in line with organizational goals. That will help them to avoid conflict of interest and therefore have the ability to perform their duties effectively. Specific Responsibilities of a Manager The roles of a manager were outlined by Henry Mintzberg where he divided them into three categories as to include interpersonal roles, informational roles, and the decisional roles. Mintzberg said that when a manage acts a leader, a liaison person, and figurehead, he plays an interpersonal role (Mintzberg 2013). The informational roles of a manager are dissemination, monitoring, and being a spokesperson. The third category which decisional roles are made up of responsibilities like resource allocation, disturbance handling, enterprising of the company and negotiating on behalf of the company. Woolworths Ltd In terms of informational roles, Woolworth has a disclosure policy which requires the management to put all the necessary information about the running of the company in the public purview. They claim that the reason for so doing is to ensure that there is transparency and accountability. They also do that to comply with the law. In case there is an issues that needs clarity, the management is under a duty to make such respond to such doubts. Only the Woolworths directors are the authorized spokespersons of the company hence mandated to communicated with external parties. They therefore act as negotiators and dispute solvers. At the same time, the managers make contact with outside sources hence becoming liaison officers. They are responsible for representing the organization in any function hence figureheads. Wesfarmers Ltd The manager of this company mostly act as monitors of information on new trends. Will interacting with stakeholders as liaison officers, they gather are responsible for gathering information. The CEO of the company is responsible for representing company in meeting with the government and other non-governmental organization hence acting as figurehead (Rowe, Nowak, Quaddus, and Naude, 2014). At the same time, he has to negotiate for better deals with the government in terms of police formulation. However, they most impressed with being leaders, resource allocators and spokespersons. Employee Responsibility Belbins Team Analysis Theory Belbin said that team role is the trait of behaving, contributing and interacting with other people is a given way. Team roles include being resource investigator, teamwork, co-ordinator, specialist, monitor, shaper, plant, implementer, evaluator, and finisher (Belbin 2012). Woolworths Ltd Being a retail company, Woolworth has brought several employees together to create teams. The in their sales department for example, there is an information monitor, researchers on new trends and liaison officer. There also sales agent who ensure that the good reach the customer (Woolworthsgroup.com.au 2017). Sales agents are the real implementer while researchers supply the information. The company has employed many specialists like IT technicians to ensure that there is smooth running in all departments. Wesfarmers Ltd The fact that this company deals largely with food means that there must be teamwork to ensure that all that is needed is available. The heads of all departments, as required by the company policy to co-ordinate for the sake of uniformity (Spillan and Ling 2015). Furthermore, there must be sourcing hence a lot of resource investigation is carried out. Food specialists are also employed to check on quality and quantity. Most of the team members encourage teamwork and coordination (Rowe, Nowak, Quaddus, and Naude, 2014). However, there are fewer specialists. Management/Employee Relations The Maslows Hierarchy of Needs theory explains what motivates people. According to this theory the hierarchy of needs is as follows: physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs (Robbins, De Cenzo, Coulter, and Woods 2013). Physical needs like food, shelter, water, healthcare, and air have a great impact on what an individual will do. Secondly, economic security and protection from harm will also guide an individuals action (Cao et. al 2013). After these are satisfied, man will seek to interact with other, companionship and relaxation hence the temptation to choose job that guarantee that. Furthermore, the people ego will determine how they act if they have inferiority complex, they will be affected in terms of work. Self-actualization basically relates to the ability to achieve one dream. Woolworths Ltd This company has employed a large number of people hence offering an opportunity for people to get their physiological needs. Most of them are well paid which means that they are able to afford a decent living. As a result, the company record an ever growing market and profit base. This is a direct reflection of motivated people. The company also implements most of the employment law by entering into formal agreement with it employees hence giving them job security (Woolworthsgroup.com.au. 2017). High remuneration means that Woolworth attracts many employees who are qualified. Everyone is put into the department or unit of their speciality hence ensuring organization and co-ordination. Well-designed jobs ensure that employees know their responsibility hence increasing performance. Wesfarmers Ltd Just like Woolworths, Wesfarmers places much emphasis on physiological needs. High remunerations are what attract most people to work for this company. These also ensure that their fewer conflicts between the management and the employees (Bourne and Bourne 2012). However, the strength of Wesfarmers is in teamwork and co-ordination. Leadership The trait theory of leadership can be applied here. It state that people or leaders are born and not made. That there are certain traits which are found in leaders that cannot be found in non-leaders. According to this theory, these skills should be horned over time to re-enforce them. The mental, physical and social traits should be considered in choosing a leader(Huber 2013). Woolworths has exhibit the use of the trait theory especially by choosing leaders who are naturally sociable and brilliant to run its activities (Spillan and Ling 2015). It realized that such person can easily convince employees to work hard as well as bring change in the organization. At the same time, Wesfarmers, leaders are considered by many as sociable, tolerant and friendly. This trait can be hard to learn but one can be born with them. Conclusion and Recommendations There are so many intriguing similarities and differences between Woolworths and Wesfarmers. Both companies use teamwork and co-ordination in the management of their affairs. They also have several specialists in their ranks. However, diversification of Woolworths business means that it does not us all similar tactics always. There instances where it exhibits weak teamwork but strong monitoring channels. In a less diversified system, I would recommend that use of teamwork and co-ordinated approach. But in a decentralized system, it is good to give employees more independence. Finally, it is also good to use a multi-theoretical perspective. Reference Belbin, R.M., 2012. Team roles at work. Routledge Bourne, M. and Bourne, P., 2012. Handbook of corporate performance management. John Wiley Sons Cao, H., Jiang, J., Oh, L.B., Li, H., Liao, X. and Chen, Z., 2013. A Maslow's hierarchy of needs analysis of social networking services continuance. Journal of Service Management, 24(2), pp.170-190 Huber, D., 2013. Leadership and nursing care management. Elsevier Health Sciences Miner, J.B., 2015. Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge Mintzberg, H., 2013. Simply managing: What managers doand can do better. Berrett-Koehler Publishers Robbins, S., De Cenzo, D., Coulter, M. and Woods, M., 2013. Management: The essentials. Pearson Higher Education AU Rowe, A.L., Nowak, M., Quaddus, M. and Naude, M., 2014. Stakeholder engagement and sustainable corporate community investment. Business Strategy and the Environment, 23(7), pp.461-474. Spillan, J.E. and Ling, H.G., 2015, January. Woolworths: An Adizes Corporate Lifecycle Perspective. In Business History Conference. Business and Economic History On-line: Papers Presented at the BHC Annual Meeting (Vol. 13, p. 1). Business History Conference Woolworthsgroup.com.au. (2017). Corporate governance - Woolworths Group. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/about-us/our-approach/corporate-governance [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]

Case Analysis of Carrefour free essay sample

Carrefour means â€Å"crossroad† in French, the implication of Carrefour is that people could find Carrefour stores very easily and conveniently. Carrefour logo with its blue, red and white colors has a very significant meaning behind it. It is a continuous commitment to their customers. The logo is coming from C of Carrefour and an arrow on both sides, representing customers coming from all directions and meeting at Carrefour. Carrefour is established in France in 1959 by two entrepreneurs, one is the local retailer, Louis Defforey, and the other is the supermarket’s owner Mareel Fournier. The Group has formulated a policy based upon convenience, trust, low price and quality products and services. In the following paragraphs, I assumed that the development of Carrefour could divide into five periods: a. Beginning and Establishing (1959-1963) – Defforey was the owner of Badin-Defforey (retail business). Fournier was the owner of the department store. One day, they decided to collaborate to create a concept of hypermarket in order to expand its business scale. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis of Carrefour or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Carrefour was the first hypermarket that established in France soon after five years. b. Growth (1963-1976) – Due to the collaboration, Carrefour rapidly developed from Convenience Stores, Supermarket, into Hypermarket in five years. The most important factor is that Carrefour decided using decentralization strategy for each branch in order to governance closer to local citizen. c. Own Branding amp; Manufacturing (1976-1991) – Within these periods, Carrefour had a new innovative ideology to develop a concept of private branding. Carrefour buys from manufacturers and named those products themselves. The strategy made pricing more flexible. It brought great revenue for Carrefour. Therefore, in 1985, Carrefour developed their first Own Branding amp; Manufacturing, Harmonie and the innovative ideologies maintain the No. position for them in France. d. Expansion by Acquisition (1991 – continued) – Since 1991, Carrefour did a great job on expanding their hypermarket. Especially, Carrefour acquired Promodes, this decision catapulted Carrefour into the No. 1 position in Europe and also be the second largest retailer in the world. e. Globalization (2000 – continued) – Within these period s, Carrefour continued expanding their hypermarket to all over the world, Brazil, Argentina, the United States, Mexico, Taiwan, Thailand, China and so on. Over the past 50 years, through organization’s culture, strategy, innovative ideology, Carrefour showed that they can stand out in the world is not a coincidence. Contingent Factors: Most of people have a thought about â€Å"France merchandises are always expensive. † At that time, Carrefour did exactly the opposite way; it decided to sell household items in low-end price as their main type of operation. The innovative idea of hypermarket was specific which sell various goods including food, clothing, consumer goods and household appliances. This development impressed the whole France’s retailer industry; however, no one expected that hypermarket became a rapid success, revolutionizing the retail industry in France soon after development. The small and medium-sized retailers were encountered an unprecedented shock from hypermarket. Therefore, French government developed several laws to increase the restriction on operating hypermarket in order to protect traditional retailer. As a result, Carrefour decided to go global as they could sense saturation in the French market. Strategy is something like, an innovative new product; globalization, taking your products around the world; be the low-cost producer. (Jack Welch) In 1969, Carrefour started its first global venture by opening a hypermarket in Belgium. Until now, Carrefour has been operating over 9000 stores in more than 30 countries. The result presented that Carrefour has strong experiences and capabilities in operating on a global level as a high degree of profits are internationally generated. Carrefour’s globalization strategies are joint-venture, alliance, and acquisition. Those strategies allow Carrefour had benefit to enter new areas with related local enterprises. Thus Carrefour could gain new capacity from other and also avoid some entry problems. For example, in China, the government only approved foreign enterprises to open stores by joint-venture. Additionally, Carrefour can use existing channel from local enterprise to reduce expansion time. (Lhermie, C. , 2001) For retailer, price is the most important factor for retailer to succeed. The only way to have better price is through purchasing in a big volume to lower the prices. Therefore, in 1999, Carrefour acquired its competitor in France â€Å"Promodes,† who is also one of the world’s largest operators of retailer industry. Its business territory is not only in France but also in Spain, Italy, Brazil, etc. Carrefour assumed that acquisition is necessary strategy to do. Through acquisition strategy, Carrefour became the second biggest retailer in the world. Carrefour’s philosophy for international market is using decentralization. When Carrefour gets into a new market, it focused on the integration of local culture and environment. In order to increase adapting speed, Carrefour only sends one senior management to the locality and implemented decentralization strategy to give managers have power to make decisions which means the store managers had full operating freedom. It allowed each store has ability to adapt local culture and respond problems as soon as possible. Once Carrefour figured out the way to manage in that country, they retracted decentralization strategy and changed back to centralization strategy as they did in France. However, the decentralization strategy was recognized as a key success factor for Carrefour. In addition, Carrefour employed a large number of local staff to achieve their other strategy â€Å"localization†. Local staffs have better idea of what kind of food locals liked and what kind of tools locals preferred. They also have common sense about how to order different merchandise due to the need of local traditional festival. For example, Chinese needs moon cake for moon festival. (Mingshin University,2009). Carrefour has their own standard operation procedure for siting their hypermarket. They preferred to operate in city where market development potential and urbanization trend are highly evaluated. However, over recent year, retailer industry was saturated in city. Carrefour changed their siting standard gradually; they preferred to operate at suburban areas due to the cheap rent cost. Therefore, Carrefour would be able to build hypermarket bigger than before which means it allowed Carrefour provide diverse range of products to their customers. Also, Carrefour achieved their idealism â€Å"consumers needed could be found under one roof, displayed on self-service shelves that allowed customers to compare products and prices. † After rapidly expansion, Carrefour found out that they wasted too much time and human resource on coping complex information with their bunch of suppliers. Therefore, Carrefour decided to enhance their information system in order to solve the problems. Based on the area of Taiwan, Carrefour involved several information systems as following: * Point of Sale System (POS): POS system helps Carrefour to know exactly how many items have been sold and how many are needed in the store in view of supplying efficiently and effectively the store without any delay in the systems. Also, these databases could be useful for analysis on consumer preference and so on. * Vender Management Inventory (VMI) – VMI is one of the most widely discussed partnering initiatives for improving supply chain efficiency. ( ,2003) After Carrefour used the system with their main supplier â€Å"Nestle†, the modifying order rate is decrease from 60% to less than 10% and also decrease the days of inventory down to the average, 25 days. (Mingshin University,2009). The issue of cost is the most important part for retailer. Due to the highly competitive environment for retailer industry, low-cost strategy is the principal manner to get customers’ attention. In the following, I would like to present why Carrefour could keep their sale prices lower than other retailer: * Global Purchasing system – Each store would purchase centrally through Carrefour’s central purchasing only when the advantages of mass purchasing outweighed the advantages of local buying. Those suppliers would also like to offer the lower price to Carrefour in order to be Carrefour’s supplier. Purchasing Locally – Carrefour preferred to purchase some part of products from local. Due to the consumer preference, customers would like to use the product they like and it could be sustainable for long time. Therefore, it seems purchasing locally had better vision than import. In addition, Carrefour would save a bunch of traffic expense. * Own Branding amp; Manufacturing – Carrefour buys from a manufacturer and puts its own name on the product. The strategy made pricing more flexible. Therefore, Carrefour could make the sale price of their own branding manufacturing 10% 25% lower than other brand. It brought great revenue for Carrefour. Social Responsibility: Carrefour is passionate about its business naturally becomes involved in the life of the local community. Therefore, Carrefour is devoted to areas of environmental protection and social participation in the fulfillment of its corporate social responsibility. In 1963, Carrefour was the first banner to open a hypermarket in France. (Carrefour. com) Based upon the event in Taiwan, Carrefour founded the â€Å"Carrefour Cultural and Educational Foundation† in 1996. In modern society, most of people are apathy to everything, they only care about themselves. In order to change the phenomenon, Carrefour tries to let people united and to do something for society. That is the spirit of service constantly upheld by the Cultural and Educational Foundation. In addition, the Foundation want to spread the feeling of â€Å"living art; artistic living† to people. Therefore, they sponsored to promote Chinese traditional culture such as Taiwanese Opera, art exhibition by Chinese writing brush, etc. Carrefour hoped that they could be a driving force for cultural advances. They also believed that sweet rewards may be reaped through their hard work and Taiwan’s culture will always move forward and progress with the times. Global warming and climate change are become the most serious issue in the world. In response to the environmental protection and the electricity saving, Carrefour set itself a plan of reducing the CO2 emissions generated by stores in its four main European countries by 40% by 2020(PDF). So far, Carrefour’s plan have resulted in electricity savings of 18. 2% compared to 2004. In Thailand, Carrefour decided to switch off light in every store during purposed period, partly turning off non-essential lights, changing electric appliance into energy fluorescent. Dioxins is a highly toxic and can damage the immune system. In order to protect the earth, Carrefour has made waste reduction and the optimization of recycling of part of its key environmental objectives. Carrefour decided to stop offering free disposable plastic bags in every store. In addition, Carrefour has also raised its customers’ awareness of the importance of sorting and recycling. Carrefour has launched a project named â€Å"Carrefour ECOplanet. Carrefour offers more than 5,300 organic farming products in its hypermarkets in France, with 1,000 of them bearing the Carrefour Bio brand. Among these products, there has nearly 180 food and non-food products are all designed for minimizing the impacts on the environment. All of these products are evidenced by Carrefour’s commitment. Furthermore, Carrefour also set itself a highly ambitious target of zero deforestation by 2020 and it will be a tough decision to achieve. Through these actions, Carrefour completes its mission to offer a better quality of life, every day to those most in need gradually. Culture: A. Company missions * Carrefour is quite picky about the quality of the merchandise in order to provide the best products and offers to satisfy its customers. * Customers needed can always find and at low price in Carrefour. * Carrefour would benefit its partnership; within its several advantages such as OBM products, professional marketing experience, bargaining power. B. Employees * Carrefour assumed that employees are the most important asset for company and believed that employees are an integral part and are needed if company is going to succeed. As a result, Carrefour had employee training and development event in order to enhance employees’ ability. C. Globalization * Carrefour focus on global overall arrangement in order to expand its distribution channel then Carrefour would utilize purchasing in a big volume to lower its sale prices. D. Values (Carrefour. com) * Carrefour is committed. Committed professionals and committed members of the community. We constantly to exceed everyone’s expectations by providing better value and finding new solutions for a better quality of life. * Carrefour is caring. Caring towards its customers. Carrefour is receptive to their needs, each and every day. Welcome them to Carrefour and meet their needs with kindness, warmth and attention to detail. * Carrefour is positive. Carrefour rise to every challenge with energy, enthusiasm, and with fresh ideas. Carrefour help brighten the lives of its customers and its consumers. For them, for its employees, Carrefour wants the best, both today and tomorrow. Generally speaking, Carrefour’s culture is that they would like to do their best effort to satisfy customers. They provide diversity of products and those high quality products are always with low price. Carrefour also treat their employees well, they provide training opportunity for employees. Because they believe employees are the most important asset for company. Ethics amp; Corporate Governance: Carrefour’s responsible commitment is the principle strategy and it relies on two lines: the respect of Human Rights throughout its supply chain and the ethical conduct in its operations. Carrefour helps employees to develop skills at all levels and in all company business. The training plan will support Carrefour become a strong company through their employees, management and highly professional teams. All in all, this document for human rights part stated that Carrefour would like to offer job, training and career opportunities for all segments of population such as young people, seniors, men, women, graduates, the self-taught and those with disabilities. For ethic of business conduct exemplary behavior part, Carrefour wanted each supplier could respect of the Group’s commitments.